There’s a lot of talk about people being given “offices and honors” but outside of the Small Council and Wardens, we don’t seem to see a whole lot. What do you imagine these “offices and honors” would be?

I don’t think we need to need to examine, exactly, as much as we need to extrapolate from what we know. 

Thanks to Littlefinger’s importance to the plot, we know quite a bit about the offices that fall under the office of the Master of Coin:

“The keepers of the keys were his, all four. The king’s counter and the king’s scales were men he named. The officers in charge of all three mints. Harbormasters, tax farmers, custom sergeants, wool factors, toll collectors, pursers, wine factors; nine of every ten belonged to Littlefinger.”

Now, as I’ve written, not all of these people are royal officers, but a lot of them are. So those are offices that can be handed out to people as royal favors, and I would imagine you’d see a similar level of staffing in the other offices of the Small Council:

• the Master of Ships oversees dozens and dozens of captains, and probably hundreds of lesser ship’s officers, then you have the officers of royal navy yards, quartermasters who handle naval logistics, etc. 
• the Master of Laws…sigh, so much is unknown here. But we know that at the least there are chief gaolers, chief undergaolers, undergaolers, the King’s Justice, and the officers and rank-and-file of the City Watch.
• the Master of Whisperers must have handlers and clerks and the like as well as spies. 

While not exactly canon, we also have Westeros.org’s MUSH, which has a more well-developed list of the court offices of King’s Landing.