Well, there’s a couple different answers:
- The title of King was less important than we often think it was.
- The Dukes of Aquitaine married into the English royal family, producing what was known as the Angevin Empire, so it became something of a moot question.
- There was an independent kingdom in the extreme south of France known as the Kingdom of Navarre, although it ultimately was squeezed between Spain and France as those monarchies centralized.
- As for the rest, see here.