If by “about the world” you mean about geography, probably very little outside of their immediate area, which they would know in intimate detail.
First, most people (especially among the peasantry) did not travel or migrate more than a few miles from their place of birth, so the odds of improving your knowledge base by personal experience was low.
Second, given that basic literacy and education services (or books and other written matter) were pretty rare in this period, having access to geography classes or maps would have been very difficult for peasants.
This got me thinking. Even if they didn’t know actual geography, how did medieval peasants imagine the world generally? I keep seeing three prongs jutting out from Jerusalem. Was that really a thing?
Ironically, all that stuff about the world being a t-shape with Jerusalem in the center or the universe being the shape of Solomon’s Temple were the flights of fancy of the educated.
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